Commenting on 1 Thessalonians 5:20, John Calvin wrote,
By the term prophesying I do not mean the gift of foretelling the future, but as in 1 Corinthians 14:3 the science of the interpretation of Scripture, so that a prophet is the interpreter of the divine will... Let us understand prophesying to mean the interpretation of Scripture applied to the present need.
Cecil Robeck's understanding seems to best encompass the important points. He defines the New Testament prophecy as
a spontaneous manifestation of God's grace, received by revelation, (sometimes as a vision, at other times as impressions or thoughts) and spoken by the Spirit through a Christian who has been given a gift of prophecy, in the language of those who hear the prophetic word spoken."
Source: http://www.joyfulheart.com/scholar/preach.htm
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